马德里绿色的“客厅” | MVRDV

“Salón verde” creates a green “living room” for Madrid at the centre of the AZCA district. The design’s green public plaza includes a multi-storey frame structure adding a new way to experience the district, and an undulating pavement with water pools whose levels adapt to the seasons and programmatic requirements. Together, these changes will make Salón Verde Madrid’s coolest place during the summer and its hottest destination in winter.

“Salónverde”在AZCA区的中心为马德里创造了一个绿色的“客厅”。该设计的绿色公共广场包括多层框架结构，增加了该区域体验的新方式，以及起伏的人行道和水池，水池的高度适应季节和功能要求。这些变化加在一起将使Salón Verde在夏季成为最凉爽的地方，而在冬季成为最热的目的地。

AZCA sits across from Real Madrid´s Santiago Bernabéu stadium on the Paseo de la Castellana, making it a critical location in the city. Created in the ‘60s, the opera and botanical garden that were intended to occupy the central Plaza de Pablo Ruiz Picasso were never realized. Key to the competition, in which 50 international architectural firms participated, was the question of how to transform the financial sector into an open and sustainable urban space for Madrid, while connecting to the city at the same time.

AZCA位于皇家马德里的Castellana大道上的圣地亚哥·伯纳乌球场对面，使其成为城市中的重要位置。始建于20世纪60年代的歌剧院和植物园，原本打算占据巴勃罗·鲁伊斯·毕加索广场的中央，但从未实现。竞赛的关键在于50个国际建筑公司的参与，该问题是如何将金融部门转变为马德里开放而可持续的城市空间，同时又与城市连接。

In MVRDV’s masterplan a new urban landmark will be created. Designed as a vertical forest, this vision aims to make AZCA a new destination for both citizens and visitors to the city. The plan merges commercial interests with social and neighbourhood gain, and integrates pre-existing citizen initiatives to make AZCA a more sustainable and liveable district. Compelling activities, fresh air, greenery, and beautiful spaces, will encourage visitors to stay, make the place their own, and in turn mark it as an identifiable destination in Madrid.

在MVRDV的总体规划中，将创建一个新的城市地标。被设计为垂直森林，这一愿景旨在使AZCA成为城市居民和游客的新目的地。该计划将商业利益与社会和邻里利益相结合，并整合了已有的公民倡议，以使AZCA成为一个更具可持续性和宜居性的地区。引人入胜的活动，新鲜空气，绿色植物和美丽的空间，将鼓励游客留下来，自己打造这个地方，进而将其标记为马德里的可识别目的地。

The first step in the vision involves making the urban space more legible and accessible by demolishing all redundant structures including pavement, stairs, ramps, differences in elevation, and unwanted obstacles. This first act of opening will contribute to improving the quality of the lower street levels – now dark and unsafe – and improving existing infrastructure, while also drawing daylight below.

愿景的第一步是通过拆除所有多余的结构，包括人行道，楼梯，坡道，高程差和不必要的障碍物，使城市空间更清晰易读。这项开放的第一步将有助于改善较低的街道水平（现在是黑暗且不安全的地方）的质量，并改善现有的基础设施，同时也将日光照射到下方。

Trees and an urban pool that adapts to requirements transform AZCA into literally the coolest space in Madrid during the summer, and the most attractive in winter. Integral to this is the insertion of a dense urban forest, with species native to the Madrid region: oaks, pines, olive trees, linden trees, poplars, maples, willows, shrubs and tall grasses, amid a selection of the existing trees, with others replanted elsewhere in the city.

树木和满足要求的城市泳池使AZCA变成了夏季马德里最凉爽的空间，而冬季则是最吸引人的空间。不可或缺的是插入一片茂密的城市森林，其中种有马德里地区的原始物种：橡树，松树，橄榄树，树，杨树，枫树，柳树，灌木和高高的草丛，以及一系列现有树木，其中包括其他人在城市的其他地方补种的植物。

The pools formed in the undulating pavement of this plaza have an adjustable water level that allows for flexible usage. At its highest level, it is a lake with islands, and a waterpark for children. Lowered by 20 centimetres, it forms smaller lakes, or perhaps an ice skating rink in winter. Recessed by 40 centimetres, and the area can support events, outdoor theatre, or sport and recreation.

在该广场起伏的人行道上形成的水池具有可调节的水位，可以灵活使用。在最高层，它是一个有小岛的湖泊和一个儿童水上乐园。降低了20厘米，它形成了较小的湖泊，或者在冬天可能形成了溜冰场。凹进了40厘米，该地区可以举办活动，户外剧院或体育和娱乐活动。

These changes at ground level are made even more dramatic thanks to the addition of a multi-level prefabricated structure inserted around the plaza. The forest extends upwards on this rack, with large planters holding holm oaks, olive trees, strawberry trees and a selection of fruit trees. The structure casts abundant shade in summer, while also including sunlit terraces for lounging throughout the year. This green rack adds an almost theatrical appearance, creating an urban stage, in the spirit of the original plan’s unbuilt opera house.

由于在广场周围增加了多层预制结构，使得这些地面变化更加显着。森林在这个架子上向上延伸，大型种植园主拿着圣栎，橄榄树，草莓树和各种果树。该结构在夏季投射出丰富的阴影，同时还包括全年供客人闲逛的阳光露台。这个绿色的架子增添了几乎戏剧性的外观，并按照原计划未建成的歌剧院的精神创造了一个城市舞台。

The vertical forest cleanses the air and reduces the albedo effect of the towers, providing freshness to the dense urban fabric. Various trails run through the structure leading to viewpoints, cafés, bars, and terraces arranged among the vegetation. Stairs, ramps, and lifts connect the layers of the park, providing access for all. While climbing facilities and children’s play features such as slides and jungle gyms make AZCA an attractive space for all and a lively new beacon in the city.

垂直的森林清洁空气，减少塔的反照率效果，为茂密的城市结构提供新鲜感。遍及整个结构的各种步道通往在植被之间排列的观点，咖啡馆，酒吧和露台。楼梯，坡道和升降机将公园各层相连，为所有人提供通行通道。攀岩设施和儿童游乐设施（如滑梯和丛林体育馆）使AZCA成为所有人的诱人空间，并且是这座城市生动活泼的新灯塔。

MVRDV’s plan for AZCA will make the district less vulnerable and more resilient to the climatic conditions in and around Madrid. The vegetation reduces the heat island effect, filters the air, and floods the environment with oxygen, providing shade and cover in summer, and wind protection in winter. In short, it will give Madrid a “climatising machine” and can serve as a test site for other locations in Madrid, and around the world.

MVRDV的AZCA计划将使该地区的脆弱性降低，并更容易适应马德里及其周边地区的气候条件。植被减少了热岛效应，过滤了空气，并用氧气淹没了环境，夏季提供遮荫和遮盖，冬季则提供防风保护。简而言之，它将为马德里提供一台“气候机器”，并可以作为马德里其他地区以及世界各地的测试场所。

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