迪拜哈利法塔 | SOM

Design inspired by the desert   设计灵感来自沙漠

The design for the Burj Khalifa combines local cultural influences with cutting-edge   technology to achieve high performance in an extreme desert climate. As the   centerpiece of a mixed-use development, the 162-story tower contains offices, retail   space, residential units, and an Armani Hotel. The Y-shaped floor plan maximizes views   of the Arabian Gulf. At ground level, the skyscraper is surrounded by green space, water features, and pedestrian-friendly boulevards.

哈利法塔的设计将当地文化影响与尖端技术相结合，以在极端沙漠气候中实现高性能。作为混合用途开发项目的核心，这座 162 层的塔楼包含办公室、零售空间、住宅单元和一家阿玛尼酒店。 Y 形平面图最大化了阿拉伯湾的景色。在地面，摩天大楼周围环绕着绿地、水景和适合行人的林荫大道。

The design for the tower is inspired by the geometries of a regional desert flower and   the patterning systems embodied in Islamic architecture. Built of reinforced concrete   and clad in glass, the tower is composed of sculpted volumes arranged around a central buttressed core. As it rises from a flat base, setbacks occur in an upward spiraling   pattern, which reduces the building’s mass as it reaches skyward. At the pinnacle, the   central core emerges and is sculpted to form a spire.

塔的设计灵感来自区域沙漠花卉的几何形状和体现在伊斯兰建筑中的图案系统。这座塔由钢筋混凝土建造，外覆玻璃，由围绕中央支撑核心排列的雕刻体量组成。当它从平坦的基座升起时，会以螺旋式上升的方式出现倒退，这会减少建筑物在向天空延伸时的质量。在顶峰处，中央核心出现并被雕刻成一个尖顶。

Engineered to reach new heights   旨在达到新的高度

SOM’s architects and engineers developed innovative strategies to meet the unique challenges of building a tower of unprecedented height. The simple Y-shaped plan reduces wind forces and also enhances constructability. Each wing, with its own high-performance concrete core and perimeter columns, buttresses the others via a six-sided central core, or hexagonal hub. The result is a tower that is extremely stiff torsionally. The rigorous geometry of the design aligns all of the common central core and column elements.

SOM 的建筑师和工程师制定了创新策略，以应对建造前所未有高度的独特挑战。简单的 Y 形平面减少了风力，也增强了可施工性。每个翼都有自己的高性能混凝土核心和周边柱子，通过六边形中央核心或六边形枢纽支撑其他翼。结果是塔在扭转方面非常强硬。设计的严格几何形状将所有常见的中央核心和柱元素对齐。

The setbacks are organized in conjunction with the tower’s grid: the stepping is achieved by aligning columns above with walls below to provide a smooth load path. This enbled construction to proceed without the typical delays associated with column transfers. At each setback, the building’s width changes. The advantage of the tower’s stepping and shaping is, in essence, to “confuse the wind.” Wind vortices can never coalesce because the wind encounters a different building shape at each tier.

退台与塔的网格一起组织：阶梯是通过将上方的柱子与下方的墙壁对齐以提供平滑的负载路径来实现的。这使得施工能够在没有与柱转移相关的典型延迟的情况下进行。每一次退台，建筑物的宽度都会发生变化。塔台踏步塑形的好处，本质上就是“打乱风涡”。风涡永远不会合并，因为风在每一层都会遇到不同的建筑物形状。

“What matters, in the long haul, is the artistry that separates skyscrapers that are merely yardstick-tall from those that make of their tallness a smashing aesthetic virtue. And the Burj Khalifa easily meets and exceeds and exceeds that standard…” Blair Kamin, Architectural Record.

“从长远来看，重要的是艺术性将仅一码尺高的摩天大楼与将其高度视为一种惊人的审美的摩天大楼区分开来。哈利法塔很容易达到和超过那个标准……”建筑记录的布莱尔卡明。

Artful interior design   巧妙的室内设计

With more than 3 million square feet of interior space at Burj Khalifa, planning and interior design began at the earliest stages of structural and architectural development. In designing the lobbies, guest amenities, lounges, offices, board room floor and chairman’s suite, SOM’s interiors team took inspiration from the building’s technological achievement as much as from the region’s culture and heritage. The interiors of the highest floors reflect celestial influences, inspired by the notion of a stationary spacecraft.

哈利法塔拥有超过 300 万平方英尺的室内空间，规划和室内设计始于结构和建筑发展的最早阶段。在设计大堂、宾客设施、休息室、办公室、董事会会议室楼层和主席套房时，SOM 的室内设计团队从建筑的技术成就以及该地区的文化和遗产中汲取灵感。最高楼层的内部反映了天体的影响，其灵感来自静止航天器的概念。

This is in contrast to the lower floors, which evoke the natural elements of the land. Apart from glass, stainless steel and polished dark stones, the interiors also feature silver travertine flooring, Venetian stucco walls, handmade rugs, stone flooring and dark, intricate Brazilian Santos rosewood to reflect shelter, comfort, and above all, restrained luxury.

这与较低楼层形成鲜明对比，后者唤起了土地的自然元素。除了玻璃、不锈钢和抛光深色石材外，内部还采用了银色石灰华地板、威尼斯灰泥墙、手工地毯、石材地板和深色、复杂的巴西桑托斯红木，以反映居所、舒适度，以及最重要的是内敛的奢华。

SOM also developed an art program for the tower, placing more than 500 individual pieces by local and international artists. In the residential lobby, a large-scale installation by artist Jaume Plensa, entitled “World Voices,” consists of 196 hand-crafted cymbals attached to slender stainless steel tubes above shallow pools of water. Special equipment mounted within the ceiling slowly drips water onto the cymbals, producing an ambient soundscape within the lobby.

SOM 还为这座塔开发了一个艺术项目，放置了 500 多件本地和国际艺术家的作品。在住宅大厅里，艺术家 Jaume Plensa 的一个名为“世界之声”的大型装置由 196 个手工制作的钹组成，这些钹连接在浅水池上方的细长不锈钢管上。安装在天花板内的特殊设备将水慢慢滴到钹上，在大厅内产生环境音景。

Sustainable engineering innovation   可持续工程创新

Beyond its record-breaking height, the Burj Khalifa incorporates holistic strategies for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems that make the building highly efficient, while minimizing environmental impact and reducing material usage and waste. Providing comfort and a healthy indoor environment were central goals. The high-performance curtain wall attenuates the summer heat and delivers superb radiant thermal comfort.

除了破纪录的高度之外，哈利法塔还融入了机械、电气和管道 (MEP) 系统的整体战略，使建筑高效，同时最大限度地减少对环境的影响并减少材料使用和浪费。提供舒适和健康的室内环境是中心目标。高性能幕墙可减弱夏季炎热并提供极佳的热辐射舒适性。

The team designed a “life boat” vertical transportation system with advanced monitoring and controls to provide easy egress during emergency events. The office pavilion integrates a backup system that can serve critical functions, such as supplying and draining water during a power outage. A “sky-sourced” ventilation system pulls cool, less humid air through the top of the building while employing one of the largest condensate recovery systems in the world.

该团队设计了一个“救生艇”垂直运输系统，具有先进的监控和控制功能，可在紧急情况下提供方便的出口。办公亭集成了一个备用系统，可以在停电期间提供关键功能，例如供水和排水。 “源自天空”的通风系统采用世界上最大的冷凝水回收系统之一，将凉爽、湿度较低的空气从建筑物的顶部吸入。

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