上海徐汇跑道公园 | Sasaki Associates

Mainland China's first SITES Gold project converts a former airport runway into a model for the sustainable urban park by preserving pieces of the site's past. Xuhui Runway Park is an innovative urban revitalization project that breathes new life into a unique piece of Shanghai’s history. Located in the Xuhui Riverfront Area, a formal industrial zone of the city, this 14.63-hectare (36.15-acre) site was a runway for Longhua Airport, which operated for over 80 years and was Shanghai’s only civilian airport until 1949. The remaining 1,830-meter (2,001-yard) long and 80-meter (87-yard) wide concrete runway was built in 1948 and used until the airport was closed in 2011.

通过保留基地的历史片段，中国大陆的首个SITES金级认证项目成为将昔日的机场跑道改造为城市公园的可持续发展的样板。徐汇跑道公园是一个创新的城市复兴项目，它为上海的独特历史注入了新的活力。占地逾14公顷的场地位于徐汇滨江这个旧工业区，其前身是解放前上海唯一的民用机场——运营超过80年的龙华机场的跑道。这条混凝土跑道修建于1948年，长1,830米、宽80米。直至2011年机场关闭，其承载飞机起降的使命才正式宣告结束。

With the recent redevelopment of the Xuhui Riverfront Area into a mixed-use district, the historic runway is embracing its new life. Master planned as a public street and linear park side-by-side, this project serves as a runway of modern life, offering a space of recreation for nearby communities, as well as a respite from the high-density redevelopment around. Following its environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable approaches, the site will lead the city’s new lifestyle.

随着徐汇滨江地区近年来规划为混合开发区，停用多时的旧机场跑道焕发了新生。在总体规划中，原机场跑道被改造为并置的公共街道与线型公园，使其成为现代生活的跑道，既为附近社区提供了休闲空间，也在周围的高密度再开发项目中间创造了宝贵的绿地。无论在环境、社会还是经济层面，项目都竭力落实可持续发展的方针，以引领这座城市的新生活方式。

To reflect the site’s previous history, the design mimics the motion of a runway, creating diverse linear spaces for vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians by organizing the park and street into one interconnected sequence at a runway scale. While the spaces are linear in form, diverse spatial experiences are created by applying different materials, scales, topography, and programs. The ascending and descending movement, with overlooks created for pedestrians and cyclists, resembles the experience of being on an airplane, which connects visitors to the past while also providing varied viewpoints of the site.

为了反映场地的历史文脉，公园设计效仿机场跑道的动态特质，为机动车、自行车和行人创造了多样化的线性空间，将街道和公园组织成一个统一的跑道系统。尽管空间是线性的，但通过应用不同的材料、比例、地形及其活动项目，创造出了丰富的空间体验。公园内许多空间的设计为行人和自行车在行进的过程中创造了上升、下降及俯视地面的体验，唤起了人们乘坐飞机时的感受，不仅向游客展现了基地作为机场跑道的历史，同时也提供了多种感受场地的视角。

The layout of Yunjin Road contributes to a compact urban district by limiting the number of vehicular travel lanes and promoting public transit over personal cars. Designated bike lanes are integrated into the street section, facilitating the “last one kilometer” commute between the transit and individual destinations. Additionally, six rows of deciduous trees are planted along the sidewalks, bicycle lanes, and road median, creating a comfortable microclimate, seasonal effects, and a human-scaled boulevard. A sunken garden is carved between the park’s subway station and neighboring development parcels, improving the walking experience to and from the transit while enriching the spatial composition of the park. Additional commercial frontage is placed along the garden perimeters, helping activate the garden while bringing more revenue to the park to support its operation and maintenance costs.

在道路设计方面，云锦路的布局通过限制车行道的数量，鼓励民众使用公交系统而非私家车通勤，为创造紧凑的市区做出了贡献。同时，街道断面中设计了专用的自行车道，完善了轨道交通和最终目的地之间的“最后一公里”通勤。此外，沿着人行道和自行车道以及道路中央种植了六行落叶乔木，创造了舒适的微气候、四季不同的景致，以及人性化尺度的林荫大道。公园地铁站和相邻开发地块之间的下沉花园不仅改善了人们来往于地铁时的空间体验，也丰富了公园的空间构成。环绕下沉花园布置的零售商业，既有利于带动人气，又可为公园创造收益以补贴日常运营和维护开支。

Diverse programs are planned in various park spaces, open to all ages and groups and mostly free of charge. Active lifestyles can be found in multiple forms of runways, such as the bike and pedestrian runways through the park, a runway playground, a runway fountain, and the multipurpose lawn with a capacity for holding 3,500-people events or 5 soccer games in five-a-side size fields. Cultural events and performances can be accommodated at the sunken garden with a maximum of 900 audiences, and various restaurant and public service facilities scattered throughout the park are designed to allow for small social gatherings like office parties, serving the developments around. Private conversations and reflection can take place at multiple gardens, riverfront overlooks, and the birdwatching grove, which offers a respite from busy urban life. Multiple water features inspired by the aviation industry are distributed throughout the park, including the Runway Fountain, the Silver Wings Fountain, and the Children’s Interactive Fountain, to help activate the spaces. The water supply for the Runway Fountain comes completely from the treated stormwater on site.

公园的各空间中规划了多种多样的活动，向所有年龄段的人群开放，并且大部分免费。在多种形式的跑道中可以找到活跃的生活方式，例如自行车道、慢跑道、跑道游乐场和跑道喷泉区。偌大的多功能草坪可容纳3,500人进行活动，也能划分成五个五人制足球场，满足周边人群的活动需求。下沉花园是文娱节目的理想场地，这里最多能容纳900名观众；大大小小的餐厅和服务设施遍布公园，可以进行类似公司派对这样的小型聚会，为周边的企业提供服务。各种各样的花园、湖畔观景台和观鸟林都是进行私密的谈话和静思冥想的极佳场所，为繁忙的城市生活提供了喘息的机会。多处受航空业启发的水景设计散布在公园中，包括跑道喷泉、银翼喷泉和儿童互动喷泉，这些设计帮助激活了空间。其中跑道喷泉的供水完全来自于场地中经过处理的雨水。

The entire park is universally accessible, providing equal opportunities to people at a full range of ability levels. It has become a year-round outdoor lifestyle destination for nearby residents, office workers, and school students.

公园全面实现了无障碍设计，无论使用者的活动能力如何，这里都能为他们提供平等的活动机会。徐汇跑道公园已成为附近居民、上班族和在校学生们全年的户外生活目的地。

Abundant wildlife habitats are integrated with landscape programs, with 100% of plant species native to the Yangtze River Delta. These habitats include both land and marine typologies. The birdwatching grove, butterfly garden, fragrance garden, and various garden types define the land, while the wetland edge, bioengineered riparian edge, and floating wetland module make up the marine forms. A total of 82 plant species, including 2,227 trees, are planted on site, with Trident Maple as the character tree species along the preserved runway to complement its unique history. Over 68% of the hardscape is shaded by deciduous trees, providing outdoor comfort while reducing the heat island effect at this post-industrial site.

设计中将丰富的野生动物栖息地与景观融为一体，运用全部来自长江三角洲的植物品种创造了陆生和水生栖息地。观鸟林、蝴蝶园、芳香园和其它形形色色的花园营造了优美的陆生环境；湿地边缘、人工软质驳岸与漂浮湿地则组成了健康的水生环境。园内一共种植了82种植物，包括 2,227棵乔木，其中最有特色的是矗立在保留的跑道两旁的三角枫（Trident Maple），它是对场地独特历史的补充和延伸。布置有序的落叶乔木为园中近七成的硬质景观提供了林荫，在这一片后工业场地上营造了舒适的户外环境，同时缓减了城市热岛效应。

The park integrates portions of the original runway concrete where feasible to prolong the site’s memory. The design team identified a row of 3.6-meter (11-feet and 10-inch) wide structurally-sound runway panels to serve as the main pedestrian path of the park, with its original direction markings preserved. Near the north end, big portions of the runway concrete are integrated into the birdwatching grove to form intricate resting spaces. In areas where the existing concrete was damaged beyond repair, new concrete pavement panels were formed to serve the park’s uses today. The demolished concrete pieces are reused in a randomized paving pattern next to the main pedestrian path for people to rest on and seek shelter from the sun. Preservation and reuse of the runway concrete on site has not only saved construction costs but also reduced greenhouse gas emissions from the manufacturing of new concrete. Concrete was also selected as a primary material for other elements of the project. All new pavements and site furniture are made of architectural concrete, with variations accentuated at key spots. The profile of the site furniture is designed to recall the elements of the aircraft.

为延续基地的历史文脉，设计根据铺装需求尽可能地保留了原有机场跑道的混凝土铺面。设计团队将一排3.6米宽、保存完好、结构健全的混凝土铺面作为穿过公园的主要人行通道，其上指示飞机升降的标线依然清晰可见。在公园北端，大片的混凝土跑道铺面与观鸟林相结合，形成错落有致的休息空间。项目在现状混凝土遭到严重破坏的个别区域铺设了新的混凝土以满足公园目前的使用需求。被拆除的混凝土块按照碎拼的方式被重新铺设在主园路旁，形成了别开生面的休闲和乘凉空间。现状混凝土的保存和再利用不仅节省了建设成本，还减少了在生产新混凝土过程中将产生的温室气体。所有新建的人行道和室外家具皆以清水混凝土制成，并在重点部位采用了特殊的混凝土产品。室外家具的轮廓也会令人想起飞机的局部造型，与机场的历史遥相呼应。

The aerodynamic and industrial nature of the site is also referenced in the use of light poles that recall the form of airplane wings. In-ground lights outline the former runway concrete panels and serve as a visual connection to the park’s aviation history. All site lighting is LED sourced, reducing annual electricity use by 167,000 kilowatts compared with metal-halide lighting.

场地中机翼形状的灯杆设计回应了基地从前的航空和工业历史。地埋式照明灯具勾勒出旧跑道的线形，与公园的航空历史形成视觉联系。场地一律使用LED光源，与金属卤化物光源相比，每年可减少167,000千瓦的电量。

The stormwater from the park and Yunjin Road is managed along the street through the 5,760-square-meter (1.42-acre) rain garden on the north portion of the site and the 8,107-square-meter (2-acre) constructed wetland to the south. The roadside rain garden system is the first of its kind built in the city of Shanghai. After treatment at the rain garden and the forebay, the stormwater meets the quality requirements for recreational water, according to the Surface Water Quality Standard of China. A portion of the treated runoff is collected at a 39.4-cubic-meter (10,408-gallon) underground cistern for park operation and maintenance use when necessary, sufficient for irrigating 19,700 square meters (4.87 acres) of planted areas, or providing a full water supply for the Runway Fountain in the park.

公园和云锦路上的雨水径流采用了最新的管理方式，其北半部分被引入5,760平方米的街边雨水花园，其南半部分被引入8,107平方米的人工湿地中进行处理。本项目中的雨水花园是上海首个沿路而建的雨水花园系统。经雨水花园和前池处理后，这些雨水将符合中国地表水水质标准中景观水的水质要求。一部分经处理的径流存储在39.4立方米的地下蓄水箱中，必要时用于公园运营和维护。其水量足以灌溉19,700平方米的绿地，并完全满足跑道喷泉的水量供应需求。

Most construction materials were sourced locally and environmentally friendly to reduce emission during transportation, protect rainforests, and support the local economy. For example, fused bamboo lumber was used as a sustainable substitute of tropical hardwood on benches, boardwalks, and riverfront overlooks, due to its fast-growing nature, comparable strength, and longevity in outdoors environments.

项目中大多数建筑材料是从当地采购的，且为环境友好型材料。这样既能减少运输过程中的碳排放、避免对热带雨林的破坏，又能支持本地区的经济。例如，在设计公园的长凳、木栈道与河畔观景台时，设计团队未使用常见的热带硬木，而是以竹木代替。竹子生长速度快，竹木强度高，且在户外环境下寿命长，是理想的可持续材料。

The park has received a lot of attention from the neighborhood as well as from the city. Following its construction, many major residential, commercial, and office developments were grounded in its adjacent blocks, including the CCTV Yangtze Delta Headquarters, the first 7-star hotel in Shanghai, and the West Bund AI Center, the World Artificial Intelligence Conference site.

徐汇跑道公园倍受附近居民以及上海市其他民众的喜爱。不少新的大型住宅、商业和办公开发项目也相继进驻邻近的街区，其中包括央视长三角总部、上海首家七星级酒店、西岸国际人工智能中心，以及世界人工智能大会会场。

This site traces the record of urban development in Shanghai. It transcends time and space, bringing a piece of the memorable past to the present and into the modern comfort of urban public spaces.

徐汇跑道公园处处渗透着上海城市发展的轨迹，其设计概念穿越了时间和空间，将珍贵的历史记忆在现代的城市公共空间中生动重现。

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